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A Short Journey from Quarks to the Universe

Part of the SpringerBriefs in Physics Book Series (volume 1)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20089-2

ISBN: 978-3-642-20088-5

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg - Springer Journals

Jun 29, 2011

1 - 10 of 13 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Introduction: The World According to Physics

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 1 –4

[In this introductory chapter the subject matter as well as the methodology of Physics are briefly presented together with a list of the basic structures of matter.]
LitStream

The Atomic Idea

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 7 –16

[In this chapter the elementary particles from which all things are made are presented together with the interactions which bring them together. The latter are transmitted by indivisible particle-like entities. The so-called Feynman diagrams describing the various interactions are introduced.]
LitStream

The Wave-Particle Duality

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 17 –25

[The wave-particle duality asserting that everything possesses partly wave and partly particle properties is presented. This duality, on which Quantum Mechanics is based, provides the required kinetic energy to counterbalance the attractive nature of the interactions and stabilizes both the...
LitStream

Equilibrium and Minimization of Total Energy

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 27 –31

[The First and the Second Laws of Thermodynamics are presented. Their combination leads to the conclusion that one of the thermodynamic potentials, such as the energy or the free energy, becomes minimum when thermodynamic equilibrium is reached. Which one of them is minimized at equilibrium is...
LitStream

Dimensional Analysis: A Short-cut to Physics Relations

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 33 –41

[The method of dimensional analysis is presented and is applied to derive properties of photons and of photonic interactions with matter. It is also employed in the derivation of certain relations concerning oscillatory and wavy motions.]
LitStream

From Quarks and Gluons To Hadrons

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 45 –50

[The first step towards composite structures of matter is the combinations of three quarks of total color-charge zero or the combination of a quark and an antiquark of total color-charge zero mainly through the mediation of gluons. Only protons consisting of two up quarks and one down quark are...
LitStream

From Protons and Neutrons to Nuclei

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 51 –59

[Protons and neutrons combine to form stable and metastable nuclei. The total energy of the nuclei depends on the number of protons and neutrons involved. Having this dependence of the total energy allows us to account for many properties of the various nuclei.]
LitStream

From Nuclei and Electrons to Atoms

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 63 –69

[In this chapter the main properties of the electrons trapped around each nucleus to form atoms are presented. Of special interest is the size of the atoms as determined by the outer electrons as well as the motion of the latter and their energy levels. The connection of these properties with the...
LitStream

From Atoms to Molecules

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 71 –79

[Atoms attract each other to form molecules. For each molecule we would like to know the relative positions of its atoms, their vibration properties, and the changes in the electronic motion induced by molecular formation. Dimensional analysis and various computational methods such as the...
LitStream

From Atoms (or Molecules) to Solids (or Liquids)

Economou, Eleftherios N.

Pages: 81 –90

[Solids are made from a huge number of atoms close-packed, quite often periodically arranged, and undergoing small vibrations around their equilibrium positions. The same information as in molecules are sought in solids in order to deduce their various macroscopic properties. Similar theoretical...

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